Wheat Flour Processing Technology Introduction

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The wheat flour processing technology is mainly composed of four parts:
  • ☆ Pretreatment of wheat before milling
  • ☆ Wheat flour milling technology
  • ☆ Ventilation and dust removal system
  • ☆ Pneumatic conveying system
1. Pretreatment of wheat before milling
(1) Wheat Cleaning
Purpose: Removal of impurities from wheat
Principle: According to the physical properties of the material (shape, specific gravity, suspension speed, electromagnetic properties, etc.) difference, use different mechanical equipment to remove impurities in wheat.
Fig 1. Pretreatment process of wheat
☆ Screening
A．Equipment principle
According to the width and thickness of the material to screen the different materials.
B．Screening conditions
a. Materials automatic grading
In the course of relative motion, the material is stratified by the difference of the specific gravity, particle size, shape and surface properties, that is, the automatic classification.
b. Appropriate velocity of the material transported on the sieve surface
The material in the sieve surface moving more slowly, particles more easily through the sieve pores, the screening efficiency is high. If the speed is too slow, the equipment production will be reduced.
c. Screening equipment
Fig 2.TQLZ vibration grading sifter
☆ Winnowing
A．Equipment working principle
Using different material suspension velocity to remove the light impurities such as dust, wheat husk, flat wheat and so on.
B．Winnowing equipment
In actual production, air separation equipment usually combined with general screening equipment. Mainly used in two forms:
Set in a form of winnowing and screening machine, such as vibrating screen;
Independent two sorting equipment in the form of a combination, such as a planar rotary screen.
☆  Destone and grading
A．Working principle
According to the different of material specific gravity and aerodynamic characteristics, in the use of sieve surface characteristics and motion parameters as well as the airflow velocity to realize materials automatic grading.
The automatic grading of materials is caused by the characteristics of the sieve surface and the motion parameters, as well as the airflow velocity. It causes the wheat and the stone to move in different directions on the sieve surface, so as to achieve the purpose of separating the wheat and the impurity.
B．Equipment

☆ Magnetic separation
A．Equipment working principle
According to the different magnetic of material, take use of the magnetic to separate the magnetic metal in wheat.
B．Magnetic equipment
                  Fig 4.TCXT permanent magnetic drum
☆  Water regulation
A．Role of wheat water regulation
 a. The distribution of grain moisture in wheat has a certain gradient.
 b. Because of the cortex, endosperm and aleurone layer has different absorption for water, thus weaken the binding force.
 c. Cortical resilience will be increased, it helps maintain the integrity of bran and bran scrape on endosperm when grinding.
 d. Decreased water absorption of endosperm, to reduce power consumption
B．Technical effect of wheat moisture regulation
 a. It is conducive to grinding and screening.
 b. Increase the rate of powder.
 c. Improve flour color.
 d. Reducing ash and power consumption of flour.
C. Wheat water equipment
☆  Wheat blending
A．Wheat blending purpose
 a. Rational use of wheat, in order to get the highest power yield and fine power ratio.
 b. According to the market need to produce special powder, and make the product quality and application stability.
 c. To ensure the quality of raw materials processing is basically stable, in order to maintain the production process and operational stability.
B．Wheat blending method
 a. Wheat blending with villosa
 b. Wheat blending in tempering wheat bin
 c. Wheat blending with net wheat
C． Wheat blending equipment
Fig 6. Computerized wheat mixing machine
2. Wheat flour milling process
Fig 7. Wheat flour milling process
☆ Grinding
A. Grinding principle
Using extrusion and shearing to crush the wheat and change the shape and size of wheat and its products, make the endosperm apart with oatmeal and germ, peel the wheat endosperm on the skin cleanly, at the same time make the endosperm into powder.
B. Grinding effect  
Measure the grinding effect of the index: Stripping rate and powder taking rate.
C. Milling equipment
  Roller mill

Fig 8. Flour milling machienry
☆ Screening
A. Screening effect
  Classifying the intermediate product (mixture) produced by the grinding system according to the particle size and the material property.
B. Screening equipment
Mainly is high square sieve, its advantages are as follows:
a. It can make full use of the plant space to install the equipment;
b. Under the same load, the screening efficiency is higher;
c. For grinding intermediate products, the number of grading is more.
d. Less power consumption per unit of output;
e. As the screen material can fully automatic classification, it can improve the quality of the sieve.
☆ Bran finishing
A. Bran finishing purpose
The effective removal of the bran residue on the endosperm, which can further improve the extraction rate.
B. Bran finishing working principle
The use of bran machine in high speed rotating plate will flake impinging on the buffer plate or screen, with strong hit and friction, the residual endosperm on the bran will be separated.
C. Bran finishing equipment
☆ Purification
A. Purification purpose
The wheat dregs, wheat heart and hard coarse powder were selected, it will be divided into cereal, sticky oatmeal endosperm and pure grain endosperm according to the quality.
B. Flour cleaner working principle
By using the differences of mechanical properties of gases and the particle size of each particle in the material, the material will be calssified.
C. Purification equipment
Fig 11. Flour cleaning machine 
3. Dust removal system
A. Dust removal system function
To ensure the environmental health, to prevent the hidden dangers of production, to ensure product quality.
B. Main equipment of dust removal system
Dust collector, Centrifugal fan, Cyclone, Air duct


Fig 12. Typical dust collecting system
☆ Pneumatic conveying system
  • The pneumatic conveying system used in the flour milling process is divided into two types:Negative pressure pneumatic conveying for powder
  • Positive pressure pneumatic conveying for powder mixing
  • Main pneumatic conveying equipment
    Centrifugal fan
    Rotary feeder
    Unloading machine
    Dust wiper

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